![]() He shouted at her to correct her veil and threatened her with arrest. Upset, he accused the girl of talking to a man. The man snatched the receiver and loudly demanded to be told who was on the other end of the line. She turned her back on him and said that was none of his business. He passed the young girl on the pavement, pulled open the door of the booth, and asked to whom the girl was talking. ![]() She tapped on the glass to warn her friend, who did not react but laughed even louder when she saw the man coming toward them. In the mechanical reaction Iranian women have developed since the Revolution whenever they face the moral police, she calmly but with shaking fingers pulled her scarf forward, hid some strands of hair under it, and knotted it more tightly under her chin. She panicked when he approached the telephone booth. After a while, the girl waiting on the pavement saw a young armed man jump out of a car. The girl in the telephone booth broke into laughter, causing her friend to laugh too. Both were dressed in robes, their hair was covered with chic scarves in bright colors. Her friend was waiting outside the telephone booth. The teenage girl inserted a small coin into the telephone and dialed. A few taxis were parked in the shadow of large old planes and their drivers were taking a nap. Even the peddlers, who usually occupy the southern part of the square, had taken refuge in the calm neighboring gardens. The lively square, like the rest of Tehran, was having its long, tedious daily siesta. On this day the hot sun had driven people away to look for the comfort of their air-conditioned homes. Tajrish Square, a central business zone, is usually crammed with people and cars. Years later, in September 1998, I visited this place in north Tehran in the early afternoon on several September days in order to build up an image of the incident. At this time of year, the daytime temperature can reach 45° C in the shade. Preface It happened in Tajrish Square early one afternoon in September 1993. In the text and bibliography, dates are given in the Iranian shamsi (solar) calendar and are followed by the corresponding Common Era date separated by a slash. In the text, dates are all Common Era unless they refer to Persian texts. All translations are by the author unless otherwise stated. Transliteration of Arabic words and words in Persian of Arabic origin follows the system used for Persian. Contents Note on Transliteration and Dates Preface xi Introduction 1 1: Cultural Crimes 15 2: The Aesthetics of Authority 3: A Dissident Neighborhood 32 57 4: A Passage to Modernity: Golestan 5: The Third Generation 6: Culture of Defiance Conclusion Coda 175 Notes 177 Glossary 169 191 Bibliography Index ix 193 205 Acknowledgments 223 122 138 91 Note on Transliteration and Dates The system of transliteration used in this book follows the style of the International Journal of Middle East Studies. A dissident young man who disappeared without a trace when he tried to cross the border between Pakistan and India ilegally in November 1987. ![]() While I write these words-January 2007-he is suffering from irremediable and unbearable pain. A basiji whose young body is devastated by chemical weapons in the Iran-Iran war. Published by University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 A Cataloging-in-Publication record is available from the Library of Congress ISBN-13: 978-0-8122-4039-9 ISBN-10: 0-8122-4039-1 To two friends: To Mansoor. ![]() Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher. Young and Defiant inTehran SHAHRAM KHOSRAVI University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia Copyright © 2008 University of Pennsylvania Press All rights reserved. ![]() Young and Defiant in Tehran CONTEMPORARY ETHNOGRAPHY Kirin Narayan and Paul Stoller, Series Editors A complete list of books in the series is available from the publisher. Table of contents : Contents Note on Transliteration and Dates Preface Introduction 1: Cultural Crimes 2: The Aesthetics of Authority 3: A Dissident Neighborhood 4: A Passage to Modernity: Golestan 5: The Third Generation 6: Culture of Defiance Conclusion Coda Notes Glossary Bibliography Index Acknowledgments Citation preview ![]()
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